Application Prospect of Diamond in Aerospace Field

Release time:

2023-12-13

Diamond, with its excellent physical and chemical properties, has shown broad application prospects in the field of aerospace. This paper will explore the potential applications of diamond in the aerospace field.

Physical and chemical performance advantages

 

1. Ultra-high hardness: Diamond is the hardest substance known, able to resist the wear and tear of most materials. In the aerospace sector, this hardness makes diamond an ideal material for making tools, cutting equipment and protective coatings.

2. Good thermal conductivity: Diamond has extremely high thermal conductivity and can effectively export heat, so it has good application potential in high-precision instruments and equipment.

Excellent chemical stability: Diamond has strong corrosion resistance and can remain stable in harsh aerospace environments.

Application areas

1. Aero-engine manufacturing: The wear resistance and thermal conductivity of diamond make it have significant advantages in the manufacture of aero-engines. It can be used as a heat sink material to improve the cooling efficiency of the engine.
2. Satellites and space probes: Diamond's high hardness and chemical stability make it a unique advantage in the manufacture of satellites and space probes. It can be used to create a protective coating to resist the impact of high-speed particles in space and protect the detector from damage. In addition, the thermal conductivity of diamond also makes it an ideal material for space thermal conductors.
3. Hypersonic aircraft: The heat resistance and impact resistance of diamond make it have great potential in hypersonic flight. It can be used to manufacture nose cones and wing leading edges to withstand high temperatures generated by high-speed friction and ensure the safety of aircraft.
4. Aerospace materials: Diamond's high hardness, corrosion resistance and thermal conductivity make it an ideal material for the aerospace field. It can be used to manufacture key components such as structural parts, bearings and seals.
5. Diamond laser: Diamond laser uses the characteristics of diamond to produce high-power, high-stability laser. In the field of aerospace, diamond lasers can be used in material processing, optical communications, radar systems and so on. In addition, diamond lasers can also be used in precision measurement and navigation systems to improve the accuracy and reliability of aerospace equipment.
6. Diamond window: Diamond window has the advantages of high light transmission, high pressure resistance and low thermal expansion coefficient, and has a wide range of applications in the field of aerospace. In infrared imaging systems, laser communication systems, space telescopes, etc., diamond windows can provide excellent performance.
Diamond substrate: diamond film is a high thermal conductivity of the insulator, used as a high-power electrical devices heat dissipation substrate, no special cooling system, in improving the compactness of electronic equipment at the same time, reduce the weight, improve the reliability of electronic devices, which is of great significance for aerospace and other high-tech fields.

Diamond tools: diamond tools with high hardness and wear resistance, can be widely used in the field of aerospace precision machining. Whether titanium alloys, composite materials, or high-temperature alloys, diamond tools can provide excellent cutting results.

diamond coating

Today, we mainly introduce diamond coating. Diamond coating is a coating with extremely high hardness, which can protect aerospace equipment from harsh environments such as high temperature, high pressure, and corrosion. Through physical vapor deposition (PVD) or chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods, a thin and hard diamond coating can be formed on the surface of metals or other materials to improve the durability of the equipment. Diamond here generally refers to nano diamond.
Nanodiamond is a kind of material with unique properties, which is widely used in aerospace and satellite industry because of its excellent mechanical, optical and thermal properties. When nanodiamonds are used as coating materials, they can be used in parts and surfaces of aircraft, satellites, and rockets to improve the wear resistance, corrosion resistance and thermal conductivity of parts, and improve the efficiency of propulsion systems.
The Finnish manufacturer of nanodiamonds (Carbodeon) and the UK manufacturer of synthetic diamonds, Element Six (Element Six), are two commercial examples of applications of nanodiamonds in the aerospace and satellite industries. The Finnish nanodiamond manufacturer produces nanodiamond coatings for the aerospace and satellite industries, which are sprayed on turbine blades and rocket nozzles to improve their performance. The nano-diamonds produced by Element Six, a British synthetic diamond manufacturer, are mainly used in composite materials and coating materials to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of components, and to improve the fatigue resistance and damage tolerance of structural parts.

The application prospect of nanodiamond in aerospace and satellite industry is promising. According to the researchers, nanodiamonds will become a new application in the field of additive manufacturing (3D printing), and the combination of nanodiamonds and 3D printing technology can improve the mechanical and thermal properties of printed parts. In addition, nano-diamond has excellent radiation shielding performance, and the addition of nano-diamond to the shielding material can effectively improve the radiation shielding performance. Finally, due to their unique thermal properties, nanodiamonds will be ideal for a range of thermal propulsion systems, including electric and chemical rockets. In short, with the deepening of research, nanodiamond will show more and more important application value in the aerospace and satellite industries.

challenges and prospects

With its excellent physical and chemical properties, diamond has shown great application potential in the field of aerospace. With the continuous progress of technology and the gradual reduction of cost, the application prospect of diamond in aerospace is very broad. Whether it is physical or chemical performance applications, diamond can play its unique advantages to improve the performance and durability of aerospace equipment.
However, although the application prospect of diamond is promising, we still need to solve some technical challenges, such as the preparation of large-size single crystal diamond and the reliability of diamond devices. In the future, we expect to see more research and development to realize the wide application of diamond in the aerospace field.

 

Focus on hot spots

Application Prospect of Diamond in Aerospace Field

The main application of diamond powder

As a kind of super hard abrasive, diamond powder has incomparably superior grinding ability, which has been paid more and more attention by the industrial developed countries. The grinding ability of diamond powder includes the grinding ability of the workpiece and its own wear resistance and crushing resistance, depending on its microhardness, particle size, strength, particle size, and thermal and chemical stability. To sum up, diamond powder used as abrasive has three aspects; (1) Used in the manufacture of resin-bonded tools, metal-bonded tools, and plating tools. (2) for industrial, scientific and medical precision or polishing of various precision components. (3) as a fine abrasive for mold processing, gem polishing processing, gem bearing processing and manufacturing. In addition to the application of diamond powder as a grinding material, another major use is used as a functional material. For example, the use of its thermal properties and electrical properties. By mixing diamond fine powder into thermosetting resin polymer, cellulose, phenolic resin or ceramic sheet, a new material having improved thermal conductivity and reduced thermal expansion can be produced. The diamond powder mixed to the metal sheet, such as sheet or stainless steel sheet can be made with high thermal conductivity, low thermal expansion and light weight of the new sheet material, in the electronics industry can be made into high-density high-energy devices for thermal control. From the form of diamond used as grinding materials, according to the relevant data published figures, the world's industrial consumption of more than 60% of diamond powder is used to make diamond plaster, diamond powder mixture and diamond powder grinding fluid.

Ultra-precision polishing of precision instruments for the use of nanodiamonds

We add nano-diamond to the medium to make nano-diamond polishing liquid, which is now mainly divided into aqueous polishing liquid and oily polishing liquid. Because the nano-diamond polishing liquid nano-diamond particles super hard super hard, with it can remove the material surface small uneven, polished material surface roughness can be reduced to nano-level, so that the material surface finish is very high. At present, nano-diamond polishing liquid can be used in semiconductor silicon wafer polishing, computer head polishing, precision ceramic processing, gem polishing, optical glass polishing and other fields. Nowadays, due to the development of computers, people's requirements for computer storage capacity continue to increase, which makes us want to manufacture larger disks. In recent years, the storage capacity of computer disks has been increasing, but with the increase of storage capacity, the problem is that the gap between the disk and the head is getting smaller and smaller, which is close to 10NM. The surface roughness, scratches and impurity particles of the head and the disk will cause damage to the computer disk. As the distance between the disk and the head has reached the nanometer level, the micron-level polishing liquid has failed to meet the polishing requirements, so only nano diamond polishing liquid can meet the requirements of this aspect. We used nano-diamond polishing liquid to polish the computer magnetic head, and found that the surface smoothness of the magnetic head was greatly improved after polishing. The measured surface roughness at this time was 0.09~0.40nm, while the surface roughness of the magnetic head was 0.45~0.80nm after polishing with ordinary polishing liquid. Compared with nano-diamond polishing liquid, the effect of nano-diamond polishing liquid is much better, thus the quality of the computer magnetic head is also improved, and we can produce more precision, A computer disk with a larger storage capacity. It is worth noting that when polishing, because the computer and other electronic products most avoid corrosion, so be sure to control the pH of the polishing liquid, the study found that the PH value of the polishing liquid is more appropriate to control between 6.5 and 8. Since the content of anions Cl-and SO2-will determine the pH of the polishing solution, the content of Cl-and SO2-should be controlled when preparing the polishing solution for computer head polishing, and the PH value should be observed at the same time.

Characteristics of Shandong Metal Powder Hydraulic Press

Shandong metal powder hydraulic press is suitable for automatic control molding of powder dry pressing. It is widely used in electronics, powder metallurgy, soft magnetic industry, conductive dry pressing molding, chemical industry, automobile manufacturing, medicine, energy and environmental protection industry, toy industry, etc. Suitable dry-pressed powders include ferrous and non-ferrous metal powders, electronic ceramic powders, ferrites, rare earth powders, cemented carbide powders, PTFE, diamond and graphite powders, and the like. The hydraulic transmission system of Shandong metal powder hydraulic press is composed of power mechanism, control mechanism, actuator, auxiliary mechanism and working medium. The power mechanism usually uses an oil pump as the power mechanism, and is generally an integrated oil pump. One or more oil pumps are selected in order to meet the speed of movement of the actuator. Low pressure gear pump; medium pressure vane pump; high pressure piston pump. The pressure processing and forming of various plastic materials, such as the extrusion, bending, drawing of stainless steel plates and steel plates, and the cold pressing of metal parts, can also be used for the pressing of powder products, grinding wheels, bakelite and resin thermosetting products.

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